Social Policy and Its Application to Social Services Provision

Private problems become semipublic issues when an singulars problem/problems sp ill fortune out into the community for standard youthfulness homelessness. Youth homelessness is greater than you might think in May 2008 it was purview that there were over 75000 youths at risk of becoming homeless, mostly payable to the breakdown of the family or the introduction of a step family, 65% of these early days pack experienced violence as their family broke down and 20% experienced sexual abuse.The really sad thing rough the look of youths at risk of homelessness is, in order to be detected as at risk something extreme has to happen e. g. the five-year-old homeless soul was arrested for causing a disturbance or ends up in infirmary by and by a violent incident. Mostly when families breakdown we as a community know nonhing about it (their family problems argon kept cloistered) this becomes a public issue which may require the creation of a insurance for dealing with social issue s, when we go through young raft sleeping stony or the iniquity rate increases as the homeless soul steals to impart them self.Over the years there has been signifi go offt research and development of policies which argon aimed at combating homelessness among the 16-25 year olds and in 2002 the homelessness Act was endorsed by the Scotch s even sos after it was highlighted that the verse of homeless hoi polloi sleeping rough in our cities, could affect the tourist trade, which in invert would affect our economy, this act broad the definition of priority need to include revolutionary root words of vulnerable large number including youths.This Homeless act means that young people atomic number 18 no longer tressed away from hostels in fact there argon hostels that are just for young people (these hostels help protect the young people on the streets from abuse i. e. prostitution) This homeless act in any case do local politics develop homeless strategies e. g. the housing and support group that we have in West Lothian.Due to new insurance the numbers of young people sleeping on the streets is few, and the ease of access to teaching/services means homeless people have hope and can access services before they actually become homeless, which in turn combats drug/alcohol abuse (which in addition relieves pressure off the NHS) and abomination statics. 2. Social policies come about due to various influences. Nationwide statics are gathered for various reasons and as a result these figures/statics can and do bring around change in policy or even the implementation of new olicies e. g. it was found that the number of people binge inebriety and requiring infirmary treatment was on the rise, so the governing created a policy that it was iniquitous to have happy hours in bars and it was illegal for shops to have two for one offers on alcohol. Another way the organization is influenced to change or create policy is through pressure groups. publ ic press groups dont have to be official bodies or organisations same(p) fathers for justice, they can be a group of people who are concerned about an issue in their community e. . a group of concerned parents petitioning the regimen about the lack of services for teenagers in their theatre of operations (youth club) due to the planned closure of the community centre. Social policies can also come about if there is a threat to companionship e. g. terrorism, after 9/11 the pass port policy changed, before 9/11 children were able to travel on their parents passport, after 9/11 the policy changed and now everyone needs a passport regardless of age. originally 9/11 we could travel within our own country (Glasgow-London) without a passport now we cant. Policies have also changed after public outcry. After the abduction, rape and murder of a child in England by a convicted paedophile, who had been housed in the area on his release from prison. The policy that gave these people anonymi ty was reviewed and changed, so that anyone who is concerned about an adult, who is working with children, can call for the police if they are a risk. 3.The confused economy of take came about due to the governments of the 1980s macrocosm concerned that the place for the handle of people should be provided from within their communities and that the sense of community would be lost as people decimal pointped looking after their own. People would stop alter charitably to the community and the people in it ( popping in on a neighbour to give her a break from her ill husband or running to the shop for an fourth-year person as good as bloodline raising and legacies), as it would become interpreted for granted that the state would provide everything i. e. ousing and Health Care as well as meals on wheels and respite, as a result, people would not tone same(p) it was their job to help themselves, their community or their neighbours, that it was the states job, and so the concer n was the sense of community would be lost to dependency on the state. The mixed economy of get by means that different services collaborate/ whole kit together in order to provide a service for an soulfulness which not only meets their needs, but makes sure that the care being provided doesnt over lap i. e. one care plan is made for the private and all the required services work within this plan.Our government as it is now (2009) has picked up where the 1980/90s left off (they carried on where the last government left off instead of returning to state provided care) and is working towards a mixed economy of care, it has place 4 heavenss of care planning i. e. statutory, private, voluntary and informal. The statutory sector is care what is provided by the state for recitation benefits, cars for the disabled and access to health care e. g. occupational health (home adaptations). The private sector offers care as part of a business for example private nursing care, respite and private pensions.The voluntary/charity sector provide care that is funded through fundraising and donations and offers things like lunch clubs (help the aged), meals on wheels (WRVS) and hospital transport (red cross). The final sector, the informal sector comes by way of care provided by a non professional/specialist this could be family, the community (neighbours) or friends who give up their time to look after their community and the people in it. The informal sector saves the government and NHS millions of pounds every year as their contribution relieves the need for official respite services and health care and its free.The Community Care Act 1990 came about as in order to fulfil the recommendations /objectives that the white paper (1989) Caring for People had identified (the enabling of older people to live independently for as long as possible in their own home, practical support for carers, guidelines for flavor individual needs assessments and accountability for service p roviders and the quality of care they provide) new legislation was needed, thus the community care act (1990) was passed.Nowadays we see people living and working in our community who, not so many years ago, would have lived their lives in institutions or sanatoriums without any gentleman rights or even choice, but now with implementation of individual/ person centred care plans/assessments, designed with the individuals needs, rights, circumstance and abilities in mind, as well as making access to different care services more easily available e. g. upported accommodation/residential nursing care, benefits, disabled employment (Remploy), occupational therapy, day care and befriending, not only are the individuals needs being met, the human rights of these individuals are being recognised. The individuals who were once locked away from the rest of society without any rights, choices or quality of life are now (with a little help from the care in the community act) living, working ( Remploy) and contributing in and to communities (Volunteering in a charity shop). 4. reenforcement for different care services comes from various sources for example the services that are state/government services e. g. benefits, NHS departments (occupational therapy) and pensions are funded mostly through income valuate, VAT, and national insurance, but not all of these services are completely free for example an older person who requires residential care will have to contribute financially if they have enough of an income or assets to cover the cost, they will also come across little or no help financially if they have a private pension i. e. they will have to pay for glasses and prescriptions. patronage for the local indorsement care services is much the same as central government funding comes firstly from the annual government grants as detailed in the 2009, amendment of the local government finance act 1992 Scotland order. Funding also comes from council tax income, busines s rates, licensing (alcohol) and recycling. While all this income generates wealth it does not mean everything is free and individuals will still contribute via user charges. unbidden/charitable organisations also contribute to care services through fund raising and free care service i. . volunteers. There is also the Scottish post code lottery which has funded community projects as has the national lottery. Legacies also contribute to the financing of a service. 5. European commission was established in 1954 and has members from every country in Europe (two from the UK) its job is to form policy and legislation that protects the individuals human rights. They give the country an amount of time to comply adequately to any new policy/legislation, before the country is taken to the human rights court e. g. he Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for comprise treatment, in employment and occupation. The negligible standard (directive) a s stated by the EC included the shelter of equal rights. The regulations (which must be implemented immediately) for this act included equal employment opportunities (promotion). Sometimes new legislations/policies cost notes to implement and it falls to the local authority to decide how best to do this, finding the money often results in other services suffering through small grants e. . the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources (Renewables Directive) the local authorities are obligated to implement these directives within a set time frame. The local authorities have to find the money, this is usually through council tax and money they make through council business e. g. Neighbourhood Recycling, this in turn affects the care service and volunteer services by reducing the compute or funding they receive and possibly a rise in taxes and rates.The guide lines that come from the EC are a bit like expectations for example the government/EC expects local p lanners, architects and developers to take into account crime prevention when designing streets for example, this is to provide a safe and determine milieu (your human right to live in a safe/secure environment) The duty to make this happen falls on local authority that, for example would have street/security lighting and the installation of CCTV as a condition of the planning application or they could create a local policy that says new housing schemes will only receive planning approval if there is security lighting fitted as standard.